Nigeria Living Standard Survey 2003
First round

Nigeria, 2003 - 2004

Get Microdata

Reference ID

NGA-NBS-NLSS-2003-v1.2

Producer(s)

National Bureau of Statistics

Metadata

Documentation in PDF DDI/XML JSON

Created on

Oct 18, 2010

Last modified

Nov 13, 2018

Page views

1377988

Downloads

72662

Identification

Survey ID number

NGA-NBS-NLSS-2003-v1.2

Title

Nigeria Living Standard Survey 2003

Subtitle

First round

Abbreviation or Acronym

NLSS 2003

Translated Title

No translation

Country

Name	Country code
Nigeria	NGA

Study type

Living Standards Measurement Study [hh/lsms]

Series Information

The scourge of poverty on a significant proportion of the Nigerian Population has been charted in the past by a series of four Consumer Expenditure Surveys Implemented by the then Federal Office of Statistics: in 1960, 1985, 1992 and 1996. Over the 16-year period, the report of the surveys indicated that poverty was most widespread in the rural areas and also feminised. The desire and commitment of the government to tackle the deplorable high incidence of poverty pointed to the need to develop a baseline survey, the Nigeria Living Standard Survey, 2003/2004 for the monitoring and evaluation of the various governments anti-poverty programmes such as National Poverty Eradication Programme (NPEP), National Economic Empowerment and Development Strategy (NEEDS) and Nigeria Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). The findings of this report cut across the various nature, dimensions and characteristics of the poor. The report provided valuable poverty statistics as well as indicators for poverty policy and programme monitoring and evaluation.

Abstract

The national initiatives at poverty tracking started in Nigeria in the early 1990s between Federal Office of Statistics and the World Bank. At the inception, the National Consumer Surveys data set series for 1980-1996 were analysed which charted the profile of poverty in Nigeria. This culminated in a Poverty Profile for Nigeria Report (1980-1996) which has since served as bench-mark for monitoring and evaluation of various government anti-government poverty and policies. The Poverty Profile for Nigeria 2004 is the latest and a good follow-up to the previous one.

With the recognition by the Nigerian Government of the multi-sectoral and multi-dimensional nature of poverty, a number of coordinated programmes and policies had been formulated to combat poverty in all its ramifications. Among the programmes are National Poverty Eradication Programme (NAPEP), the National Economic Empowerment and Development Strategy (NEEDS) and the Millennium Development Goals of the government which are aimed basically at poverty reduction. These programmes require a framework for poverty statistics production, management and tracking.

The Nigeria Living Standard Survey institutionalised by the Federal Office of Statistics provided a major survey mechanism framework for regular production, management and tracking of poverty programmes and policies. The recent Profile of Poverty for Nigeria as elucidated in this report is a commendable effort in providing current, timely and highly relevant poverty statistics and indicators for monitoring and evaluation of anti-poverty programmes and policies. The findings of the report chronicled the magnitude, nature, character and dimensions of poverty in Nigeria in 2004.

I have to give special thanks to the key stakeholders who contributed immensely to the success of the survey and the report. The stakeholders are the European Union, World Bank, Department for International Development and National Planning Commission.

I have to commend the professional competence and commitment of Federal Office of Statistics, the National Statistical Agency and for the provision of survey mechanism, infrastructures and personnels to implement the survey successfully.

Professor Ode Ojowu
Economic Adviser to the President of
Federal Republic of Nigeria.

Kind of Data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Unit of Analysis

Household and individual

Version

Version Description

version 1.2

Version Date

2008-08-30

Version Notes

v1.0 was original release in 2006
v1.1 was reviewed using the IHSN check list.

used IHSN template previous version used the default template
v1.2 this combined the expenditure, household and individual ddi's together
also the documentation of the variables

Scope

Notes

Survey was designed to collect household characteristics and demographic, education, health, migration, characteristics for poverty analysis.
Also consuption information was use for CPI rebasing

Topics

Topic	Vocabulary	URI
consumption/consumer behaviour [1.1]	CESSDA	http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common
economic conditions and indicators [1.2]	CESSDA	http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common
income, property and investment/saving [1.5]	CESSDA	http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common
rural economics [1.6]	CESSDA	http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common
employment [3.1]	CESSDA	http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common
in-job training [3.2]	CESSDA	http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common
unemployment [3.5]	CESSDA	http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common
working conditions [3.6]	CESSDA	http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common
conflict, security and peace [4.1]	CESSDA	http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common
government, political systems and organisations [4.4]	CESSDA	http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common
crime [5.1]	CESSDA	http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common
law enforcement [5.2]	CESSDA	http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common
legal systems [5.3]	CESSDA	http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common
compulsory and pre-school education [6.2]	CESSDA	http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common
vocational education [6.7]	CESSDA	http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common
childbearing, family planning and abortion [8.2]	CESSDA	http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common
general health [8.4]	CESSDA	http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common
health care and medical treatment [8.5]	CESSDA	http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common
housing [10.1]	CESSDA	http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common
children [12.1]	CESSDA	http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common
gender and gender roles [12.6]	CESSDA	http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common
elderly [12.2]	CESSDA	http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common
family life and marriage [12.5]	CESSDA	http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common
social and occupational mobility [12.8]	CESSDA	http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common
youth [12.10]	CESSDA	http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common
community, urban and rural life [13.1]	CESSDA	http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common
cultural and national identity [13.3]	CESSDA	http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common
religion and values [13.5]	CESSDA	http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common
social behaviour and attitudes [13.6]	CESSDA	http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common
social conditions and indicators [13.8]	CESSDA	http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common
time use [13.9]	CESSDA	http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common
fertility [14.2]	CESSDA	http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common
migration [14.3]	CESSDA	http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common
social welfare systems/structures [15.2]	CESSDA	http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common
information technology [16.2]	CESSDA	http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common

Keywords

Age sex education literacy health employment agriculture non-farm enterpise consumption expenditure harvest crop occupation income revenue hivaids expenses migration vaccination

Coverage

Geographic Coverage

National Zone State Lga

Universe

Household members

Producers and sponsors

Primary investigators

Name	Affiliation
National Bureau of Statistics	Federal Government of Nigeria

Producers

Name	Role
World Bank	funding
Department of International Development	funding
European Union	funding
The Bristish Council	Technical Assistance

Funding Agency/Sponsor

Name	Abbreviation	Role
Federal Government of Nigeria	FGN	Funding
World Bank	WB	Funding
Department of International Development	DFID	Funding
European Union	EU	Funding

Other Identifications/Acknowledgments

Name	Affiliation	Role
The Bristish Council	DFID	Technical Assistance

Sampling

Sampling Procedure

SAMPLE DESIGN
The sampling designs for the NLSS was meant to give estimates at National, Zonal and State levels. The first stage was a duster of housing units called Enumeration Area (EA), while the second stage was the housing unit.

SAMPLE SIZE
One hundred and twenty (120 EAs) were selected and sensitized in each state while sixty enumeration areas were selected at the Federal Capital Territory (FCT). Ten E.As with five housing units were studied per month. This meant that fifty housing units were canvassed per month in each state and twenty-five housing units in Abuja.

One hundred and twenty (120) EAs were selected in 12 replicates in each State from the NISH master sample frame in replicates (4-15). However, 60 EAs were selected in the Federal Capital Territory. Five (5) housing units (HUs) were scientifically selected in each of the selected EAs. One replicate consisting of 10 EAs in the State and 5 EAs in the Federal Capital Territory were covered every month. Fifty (50) HUs were covered in each State and 25 HUs in the Federal Capital Territory per month. This implied that the survey had an anticipated national sample size of twenty-one thousand and nine hundred (21,900) HUs for the country for the 12-month survey period. Each State had a sample size of 600 HUs, while the Federal Capital Territory had a sample size of 300. The sample size is robust enough to provide reasonable estimates at national and sub-national (State) levels.
ESTIMATION PROCEDURE The following statistical notations were used:
N = the number of EAs in each State
ni = Size of replicates rth
r = number of replicates in a State
H = number of housing units listed in the ith selected EA.
Xhj = number of housing units selected from ith selected EA.
Wrij = weight of the replicate =????????nhijNxH
Yrij = total value of variable from the ith HU of ith selected EA.
Replicate Estimate (Monthly Estimate) ()??=yWyi
Annual State Estimate ???
NOTE
See page 91 and 92 of the report

Deviations from the Sample Design

Sampling Error (Variance) Estimate The Jacknife indefinite method of variance estimation was used for the survey because the method required replication and clustering. An estimate of State variance was first obtained. Cluster estimate is ()ywijiji???= Mean Estimate rnrz??= Therefore
mean variance is ()rSnrV2=?
where ()()221-?-?=?rnrSr
NOTE
See page 93 of the report

Response Rate

The response rate was very high

Weighting

The NLSS, like most household surveys, is based on NISH frame. The NISH design is a two-stage design with EA's as first stage units and households as second stage units. Ten enumeration areas (EAs) were randomly selected each month and five household were systematically selected from the household listing of each selected EAs. Population level estimates are made by multiplying the data for each household by two factors, one equal to the inverse of the probability of selecting that household from the total list of households in its EA, and one equal to the inverse of the probability of selecting that EA from the list of EAs in its state. The selections can be done by treating every unit as the same and using simple random selection or, if the data is available, a more efficient sample can be selected using some size variable known for every unit of the population thought to be correlated with the variables of interest for measurement. So the weighting factor is at the EA level in each state:

where
Nh = the total number of EAs in state h.
nh = the number of sampled EAs in state h.
Mhi = the number of listed households in ith EA of state h.
nhi = the number of sampled households in ith EA of state h.
Xhij = the number of persons in the jth household in ith EA of state h.
Phij = the poverty score for the jth household in ith EA of state h.

So the above will apply to all the individual members in order to give the population. However, the above weighting factor will be multiplied by average household size, when there is need to take the household aggregates to the population.

Survey instrument

Questionnaires

The questionnaire is a structured questionnaire developed as a joint effort of the National Bureau of Statistics, the World Bank and National Planning Commission. After series of meeting and two consultative workshops, seven survey instruments were developed:
Household Diary Record Book.
Questionnaire Part A: Household Questionnaire.
Questionnaire Part B: Household Consumption Questionnaire.
The interviewer's manuals .
Supervisor's manuals.
Occupation and Industry Code Booklets .
Prices Questionnaire.

Methodology notes

There were five levels of computer edits before analysis took place. This was critical to ensuring the quality and acceptability of the data. Level 1: Control Edits:
These were to ensure the sample integrity. The total households captured must match with master sample list. Level 2: Inter-Questionnaire Structure:
These were required in order to compute the Standard of Living (SOL), quintile distribution or compute per capita value. Mismatches and duplicates were reconciled.
Level 3: Intra-Questionnaire: This was required for sectoral analysis. Information from the roster (age and sex) was matched with respective sections in the questionnaire. Since the household roster was the primary source for computing the universe of subsequent sections, these had to be consistent. Mismatches and duplicates of household members’ identification were rectified. Level 4: Edits: These checks monitor the intra-record consistency. It was important that logical responses and skip patterns were followed. Level 5: General Edits: This checked for outliers and corrections were made through static or dynamic imputation.
Data Analysis The Staff of Computer Management and Information Services (CMIS) of the NBS carried out the data entry of the edited questionnaire and ran programmes to further detect inconsistencies and other related errors as part of the final editing. Tables were then generated from the analyses. Also at the request of the then Federal Office of Statistics, under the British Council Economic Management Capacity Building (EMCAP) Project, a DFID Consultant came to Nigeria to provide technical assistance in the evaluation of dataset.

Data collection

Dates of Data Collection

Start	End	Cycle
2003	2004	12 months

Time Method

September 2003 to August 2004

Time periods

Start date	End date	Cycle
2003	2004	12 months

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Data Collectors

Name	Affiliation	Abbreviation
National Bureau of Statistics	Federal Government of Nigeria	NBS

Supervision

The most important of the supervisor's responsibilities is to ensure that the quality of the data collected and entered is unquestionable. To this end, a number of specific tasks have been assigned.
(i) Publicity: You must supervise the delivery of the letters of introduction to the local authorities and chiefs in the rural areas and, to the households in
the urban areas. You will introduce the team and explain the purpose of the survey in each selected cluster.
Finding The Selected Household: You should help the interviewers find the selected households, using the maps and information established during the
pre-survey stage. You should correct the maps where necessary. Also, help the interviewers to persuade reluctant households to participate. For
those households which persist in refusing or those which cannot be traced, it is your responsibility to replace these households with others from
the list of replacement households.
If the selected household has left the dwelling, and a new household now lives there, then you should select the new household as the replacement
household. If the dwelling is now vacant, then you should take the next "replacement" household on your sample list.
(iii) Verification Of Questionnaires: At the end of every visit, you will have to check that the questionnaires have been correctly completed before the
team leaves the field. If necessary, you will have to ask the interviewer to
go back to the household to complete the questionnaire.
(iv) Observing Interviews: At least thrice every cycle during the survey, you must accompany each interviewer to observe his interview techniques.
(v) Verification of Interview: Every day, you should visit at random, one of the households interviewed on the previous day to ascertain whether the
interviewer actually visited the house to conduct an interview.
(vi) Sending the completed questionnaires to the Data Entry Operator. The first round data cover sections 1-8 and the second covers 8-13. At the end of
the third visit, when data in sections 1-6 will have been collected, you should send the completed part of the questionnaire to the Data Entry
Operator. And at the end of the cycle (seventh visit) you should send the second part (sections 8-13) of the questionnaire to the Data Entry Operator
so that she/he enters the data while you leave the cluster.
(vii) Checking The Printouts: After data for each round have been entered in the computer, you should compare the printout with the data on the
questionnaires. You should also look for any errors made by the interviewer, using tests for coherence in the computer programme. You
will have to mark in red ink, on the printout and on the questionnaire all errors detected by the data entry operator so that the interviewer and the
data entry operator can clarify these as soon as possible.
In addition, you will be responsible for collecting information on the localities surveyed (community questionnaire) and also supervise or help
collect information on prices. You are also responsible for ALL the industry codes in the questionnaire. As soon as the interviewer finishes
administering a section, you should do the coding before sending the questionnaires to the data entry operator. The various tasks and
responsibilities for you are explained in detail in the following sections.

Data Collection Notes

The FOS permanent Field staff who were resident in the enumeration areas were responsible for data collection during the survey. These interviewers conducted interviews with the households. There were seven interviewer visits to each selected household at a minimum of four-day interval in a cycle of 30 days. A dairy of daily consumption and expenditure was used to support the interviews.
Composition of the Team for data Collection
Every State had 20 roving teams, while FCT, Abuja operated with 10 teams. A team was made up of one supervisor and one enumerator.
The teams were structured into two groups, which worked alternatively each month to cover the selected EA.
Supervision and Quality Control
Supervision and Quality Control A number of measures were put in place to ensure that the NLSS data were of good and acceptable quality. For instance, a supervisor was attached to each team to observe interviews and confirm the pre-selected households. He was to verify and edit completed questionnaires. The State officers and zonal controllers conducted regular monitoring visits to the EAs. Headquarters monitoring groups also visited states on quarterly basis, for on-the- spot assessment of the quality of work. An independent firm was engaged to monitor the fieldwork in the States from the commencement to the end of the survey. A World Bank Mission team from Washington also took part in the monitoring exercise.
Retrieval
Completed Questionnaires were sent to zonal offices from the States for onward transmission to the NBS headquarters for data extraction and data processing. The retrieval of records was done on a monthly basis.

Data processing

Data Editing

Headquarters Training of Trainers (T0T) The first level of training at the headquarter consisted of three categories of officers, namely, the trainers at the zonal level, fieldwork monitoring officers and data processing officers who were crucial to the successful implementation of the survey.
The intensive and extensive training lasted for five days. Zonal Level Training The training took place in the six zonal FOS [now NBS] offices representing the six geo-political zones of the country. These are Ibadan (South West) Enugu (South East), Calabar (South South), Jos (North Central), Maiduguri (North East) and Kaduna (North West).
The composition of the team from each State to the six different zones were the State officer, one scrutiny officer and two field officers, making four persons per state. Two resource persons from the headquarters did the training with the zonal controllers participating and contributing during the five-day regimented and intensive training. State Level Training
The third level training was at the State level. A total of 40 officers were trained, comprising 20 enumerators, 10 editing staff and 10 supervisors.
The State Statistical Agencies, as a matter policy, contributed 5-10 enumerators. The ten-day exercise was also regimented, intensive and extensive because the enumerators were also crucial for effective implementation of data collection.

Distributor information

Distributor

Organization name	Abbreviation	Affiliation
NATIONAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS	NBS	FEDERAL GOVT. OF NIGERIA

Data Access

Access authority

Name	URL	Email
National Bureau of Statistics	http://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng	feedback@nigerianstat.gov.ng

Confidentiality

Is signing of a confidentiality declaration required?	Confidentiality declaration text
yes	The confidentiality of the individual respondent is protected by law (Statistical Act 2007) This is published in the Official Gazette of the Federal republic of Nigeria No. 60 vol. 94 of 11th June 2007. See section 26 para.2. Punitive measures for breeches of confidentiality are outlined in section 28 of the same Act.

Access conditions

A comprehensive data access policy is been developed by NBS, however section 27 of the Statistical Act 2007outlines the data access obligation of data producers which includes the realease of properly anonymized micro data.

Citation requirements

National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria, National Living Standard Survey 2003 v1.2

Disclaimer and copyrights

Disclaimer

The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.

(c)NBS 2007

Contacts

Name	Affiliation	Email	URL
G.O Adewoye	Director Census & Surveys	goadewoye@nigerianstat.gov.ng	http://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng
Mrs A.N. Adewimbi	Head of Information and Comnucation Technology Department	taadewnmbi@nigerianstat.gov.ng	http://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng
Biyi Fafunmi	Data Curator	biyifafunmi@nigerianstat.gov.ng	http://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng
Mrs A. A. Akinsanya	Data Archivist	paakinsanya@nigerianstat.gov.ng	http://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng
National Bureau of Statistics		feedback@nigerianstat.gov.ng	http://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng

Metadata production

DDI Document ID

DDI-NGA-NBS-NLSS-2003-v1.2